Falls Prevention in the Elderly: How Physiotherapy Can Help
As we age, our risk of falling increases, often leading to serious injuries such as fractures or head trauma. Falls can have a major impact on independence and quality of life, sometimes resulting in long hospital stays or a loss of confidence in daily activities
However, many falls are preventable with the right approach. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in improving balance, strength, and mobility, significantly reducing the likelihood of falls in older adults.
Why Do Falls Happen?
Falls can occur for many reasons, but some of the most common factors include:
- Reduced muscle strength – Weak leg and core muscles make it harder to maintain balance.
- Poor balance – Vision changes, nerve function decline, and inner ear problems can affect coordination.
- Joint stiffness or pain – Conditions like arthritis can make movement more difficult, increasing the chance of tripping.
- Environmental hazards – Loose rugs, uneven surfaces, poor lighting, and clutter increase the risk of falling.
- Certain medications – Some medications can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or low blood pressure, making falls more likely.
How Can Physiotherapy Help?
A physiotherapist can create a personalised exercise program to:
- Improve strength – Exercises targeting the legs and core help maintain stability.
- Enhance balance and coordination – Training can help prevent unsteady movements and improve reaction time.
- Increase flexibility and mobility – Gentle stretching and movement exercises keep joints and muscles functional.
- Provide gait training – Physiotherapists can assess walking patterns and recommend assistive devices if needed.
Tips for Reducing Falls at Home
- Keep pathways clear and ensure good lighting in all rooms.
- Wear supportive shoes with good grip instead of slippers or socks on smooth floors.
- Install grab bars in your home where balance is challenged such as in the bathroom and handrails on stairs.
- Take your time when standing up to prevent dizziness.
Falls are not an inevitable part of ageing. With the right interventions, older adults can stay active, independent, and confident in their mobility. If you or a loved one is at risk of falls, a physiotherapist can provide tailored advice and exercises to help prevent them.